The operation of driving a road train (also called a long combination vehicle (LCV)) with a length exceeding the length authorized under the Vehicle Load and Size Limits Regulation may be authorized based on the conditions set out in the Special Road Train Operating Permits Regulation.
The framework set out in the regulation on special permits aims to ensure road user safety. The road trains targeted by this regulation generally consist of a road tractor hauling two semi-trailers, each of which can be up to 16.2 m long. This road train configuration is used for the transportation of high-volume and low-mass loads.
Section 463 of the Highway Safety Code (CQLR, chapter C-24.2) prohibits the operation of outsized vehicles on public roads. However, under this section, a special permit may be issued in certain situations.
In accordance with section 621 of the Highway Safety Code, the government may, by regulation, determine the formalities for obtaining a special permit and the conditions attached to such a permit. By virtue of this authority, the government has adopted the Special Road Train Operating Permits Regulation to govern the use of outsized road trains.
The Special Road Train Operating Permits Regulation targets operators and drivers of heavy vehicles, as well as shippers and transportation intermediaries.
The operation of a road train with a length exceeding the length authorized under the Vehicle Load and Size Limits Regulation is authorized on condition that the operator holds a special permit issued under the Special Road Train Operating Permits Regulation. The use of such vehicles is limited to divided highways and short sections of road adjacent to them.
A sign showing a pictogram of a black road train on fluorescent yellow retroreflective sheeting must be attached to the rear of the second semi-trailer. This sign is not required when the vehicle is configured as follows: tractor, semi-trailer and dolly.
The maximum total loaded mass limit is 67,500 kg. The axle categories and axle weight limits are determined by the Vehicle Load and Size Limits Regulation. This is true for height and width limits. This combination of vehicles is therefore outsized only in terms of length or total loaded mass.
The driver must have a special permit on hand as well as a certificate of competency to operate a road train (driver’s licence with a T endorsement or a certificate from a competent authority outside Québec). The maximum speed limit is 90 km/h.
A special permit is issued for a period of 1 to 12 months. From December 1 to February 29, a list of safe stop locations, where the road train could stop in the event of unforeseeable deterioration of weather conditions, road conditions or visibility, must be prepared for the planned route. The operation of these road trains is also subject to other conditions.
The cost of a special road train operating permit varies depending on the desired validity period (1 to 12 months) and is the same as the cost of a Class 1 general permit under the Regulation respecting special permits.
As of November 29, 2019, the operation of long combination vehicles in December, January and February, as well as on Sundays, is authorized.
A ministerial order was published to this effect in the Gazette officielle. The validity period is from March 14, 2024, to July 1, 2026.
© Gouvernement du Québec, 2025
